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Nuno Montenegro
Universidade de Lisboa, FA - Faculdade de Arquitectura, Faculty Member
- Nuno Montenegro (1970) is architect from the Technical University of Lisbon (1995) having studied in Italy with Vitto... moreNuno Montenegro (1970) is architect from the Technical University of Lisbon (1995) having studied in Italy with Vittorio Gregotti and Aldo Rossi at Instituto Universitario di Architettura di Venezia (IUAV).
Master in Urban Regeneration (2010) and Ph.D. in Urban Planning (2015) he is a research member of the “City Induction” project (ICIST) (R&D. FCT). His scientific work has been widely published and cited in the field of technologies applied to urban planning.
Nuno Montenegro has an extensive professional experience that spans nearly two decades of activity. Its architectural projects and urban plans stand today published in many countries, in internationally recognized magazines such as “Interior Design Magazine” (IDM) New York (2010) and “ArquitecturaViva” (AV) Madrid (2008) among many others.
Awarded in several International Competitions has been invited to participate in conferences, lectures, seminars and exhibitions worldwide.
In October 2013 he integrates the selection of Portuguese architects of "LAMIPA" at “Lisbon Architecture Triennale” with the production of a documentary about his biography and work.
Recently Nuno Montenegro teaches Architectural Design as Invited Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Lisbon.edit
Urban planning has a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and on the quality of life of their populations. Efficiency at this level has been hampered by the lack of integrated tools to adequately describe urban space... more
Urban planning has a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and on the quality of life of their populations. Efficiency at this level has been hampered by the lack of integrated tools to adequately describe urban space in order to formulate appropriate design solutions. This paper describes an ontology called LBCS-OWL2 specifically developed to overcome this flaw, based on the Land Based Classification Standards (LBCS), a comprehensive and detailed land use standard to describe the different dimensions of urban space. The goal is to provide semantic and computer-readable land use descriptions of geo-referenced spatial data. This will help to make programming strategies available to those involved in the urban development process. There are several advantages to transferring a land use standard to an OWL2 land use ontology: it is modular, it can be shared and reused, it can be extended and data consistency maintained, and it is ready for integration, thereby supporting the interoperability of different urban planning applications. This standard is used as a basic structure for the “City Information Modelling” (CIM) model developed within a larger research project called City Induction, which aims to develop a tool for urban planning and design.
Research Interests: Geography, Urban Geography, Ontology, Architecture, Space and Place, and 24 moreUrban Planning, Ontology (Computer Science), Standards, Urban Studies, Urbanism, Semantic Web, Urban And Regional Planning, Arquitectura, Urban Design, City and Regional Planning, Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Sistemas de Información Geografica, HTML5, CSS3, XML, Web standards, Atom, RSS, RDF, RDFa, OWL, Geografia, Geomorfologia, Geologia, Planejamento Ambiental, Sistemas de Informação Geográfica, Arquitectura y urbanismo, Ontologies, Knowledge representation, Semantic web, Cloud computing, Ontology based data access, Knowlede management, Planeamento E Ordenamento Do Territorio, Protégé-owl, Nuno Montenegro, Nuno Montenegro Architect, Nuno Montenegro Arquitecto, Nuno Montenegro Arquiteto, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
One of the problems that planners face currently is the difficulty in finding appropriate guidelines for organizing public open spaces in urban areas. This invokes the need to create a system tool to describe and guide the planning of... more
One of the problems that planners face currently is the difficulty in finding appropriate guidelines for organizing public open spaces in urban areas. This invokes the need to create a system tool to describe and guide the planning of such components of the urban space. This research explores the problems related to the description and the location of public open spaces, and defines a system that integrates three distinct and complementary phases – appraisal, description, and location of public open spaces – each involving a specific methodology and associated tools. The main purpose is to provide computer-readable descriptions of patterns for planning urban space, to make available programmatic strategies and design options to the participants of the urban development process.
Research Interests: Urban Geography, Ontology, Spatial Analysis, Architecture, Data Mining, and 38 moreShape Grammar (Architecture), Space and Place, Urban History, Urban Planning, Pattern Recognition, Computer Aided Design, Gentrification, Urban Studies, Networks, Participation, Urbanism, Housing, Transportation, Urban Sociology, Semantic Web technology - Ontologies, Urban And Regional Planning, Land-use planning, Landscape, Public Space, Debates on public space and public life, urban design theory, urban culture and history, Cities, Urban Design, City and Regional Planning, Environmental Criminology, Infrastructure, Landscape Planning, Public spaces, Pattern languages, Understanding the Publicness of Public Places, Urban Regeneration and The Future of Cities, Cultural Spaces in The Contemporary Urban Landscape, Architecture and Public Spaces, Nuno Montenegro, Nuno Montenegro Architect, Nuno Montenegro Arquitecto, Nuno Montenegro Arquiteto, Neighbourhood Service, Redevelopment of Open Spaces, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Water In the City
The use of typomorphology as a means of understanding urban areas has a long tradition amongst academics but the reach of these methods into urban design practice has been limited. In this paper we present a method to support the... more
The use of typomorphology as a means of understanding urban areas has a long tradition amongst academics but the reach of these methods into urban design practice has been limited. In this paper we present a method to support the description and prescription of urban form that is contextsensitive, multi-dimensional, systematic, exploratory, and quantitative, thus facilitating the application of urban typomorphology to planning practice. At the core of the proposed method is the k-means statistical clustering technique to produce objective classifications from the large complex data sets typical of urban environments. Block and street types were studied as a test case and a context-sensitive sample of types that correspond to two different neighbourhoods were identified. This method is suitable to support the identification, understanding and description of emerging urban forms that do not fall into standard classifications. The method can support larger urban form studies through consistent application of the procedures to different sites. The quantitative nature of its output lends itself to integration with other systematic procedures related to the research, analysis, planning and design of urban areas.
Research Interests: Urban Geography, Spatial Analysis, Architecture, Data Mining, Urban Planning, and 14 moreComputer Aided Design, Urban Studies, Housing, Transportation, Environmental Planning, Urban Design, Environmental Criminology, Landscape Planning, Typomorphology, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Sustainable City Design, Urban Built Form Patterns and Climate, Computer Modeling and City Form, and Traditional Sustainable City Forms
""Urban planning and design has a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and regions. It is a complex process that extends for a long period and involves many participants. The lack of integrated tools to support this... more
""Urban planning and design has a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and regions. It is a complex process that extends for a long period and involves many participants. The lack of integrated tools to support this process hampers the ability to maximize the response of plans to contextual conditions while using the least resources. This paper describes research that aims to develop such a tool, integrating formulation, generation, and evaluation capabilities. It is focused on the generation module which relies on the encoding of Urban Induction Patterns (UIP) using shape grammars. A grammar for the extension plan of the city of Praia is presented as one of the case studies used to support UIP definition and illustrate its application. The paper also discusses how the proposed tool can be used for developing and monitoring urban plans.
Keywords: Urban Design, Patterns, Shape Grammars, Generative Design""
Keywords: Urban Design, Patterns, Shape Grammars, Generative Design""
Research Interests: Robotics, Architecture, Shape Grammar (Architecture), Digital Fabrication, Urban Planning, and 10 moreGenerative design, Additive Manufacturing, Formal grammars, Urban Design, Generative Architectural Design, Computer Aided Architectural Design, Shape Grammars, Parametric Design, Ontologies, Knowledge representation, Semantic web, Cloud computing, Ontology based data access, Knowlede management, and Fabbers
Book of the International e-Planning Workshop 2012: Citizens, Cities and Technology. The event took place on the 23 April 2012, the "International e-Planning Workshop 2012", Citizens, Cities and Technology, 10h30 - 19h30, at Faculdade de... more
Book of the International e-Planning Workshop 2012: Citizens, Cities and Technology. The event took place on the 23 April 2012, the "International e-Planning Workshop 2012", Citizens, Cities and Technology, 10h30 - 19h30, at Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa), with the participation of U. Paris - Institut Français d'Urbanisme, Unicamp (Brasil), MIT - Dept. Urban Studies and Planning (USA), U. Madrid, and several portuguese Universities (UA, UNL, UL, UTL), hosted by the Deans of ISCSP-UTL e FC-UL."
Research Interests:
"Urban planning and design have a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and on the quality of life of the population. Efficiency at this level is hampered by the lack of integrated instruments for formulating,... more
"Urban planning and design have a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and on the quality of life of the population. Efficiency at this level is hampered by the lack of integrated instruments for formulating, generating, and evaluating urban plans. This chapter describes the theoretical foundations of a research project, called City Induction, aimed at the creation of a model for the development of such an instrument, departing from existing theories, which are integrated through a discursive grammar. The proposed model is composed of three sub-models: (1) a model for formulating urban programs from the analysis and interpretation of the context, based on Alexander’s pattern language; (2) a model for generating urban plans that match the program, based on Stiny’s shape and description grammars; and (3) a model for evaluating urban plans, that can be used for analyzing, comparing and ranking alternative solutions, departing from Hillier’s space syntax. A common urban space ontology guarantees the syntactic and semantic interoperability among the three sub-models. This ontology will be used to structure and codify information into a Geographic Information System (GIS), which will be the kernel for the computer implementation of the larger model. A CAD system is used to construct 3D models from contextual information stored in the GIS. In short, following Stiny and March’s design machines concept, the goal is to create an urban design machine that is able to produce flexible urban plans at the site planning level.
Cite: V. Duarte, J. P., Beirão, J. N., Montenegro, N., & Gil, J. (2012). City Induction: formulating, generating, and evaluating urban plans. In S. Müller Arisona, P. Wonka, G. Aschwanden, & J. Halatsch (Eds.), Digital Urban Modeling and Simulation. Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS) (Vol. 242). Springer Berlin Heidelberg"
Cite: V. Duarte, J. P., Beirão, J. N., Montenegro, N., & Gil, J. (2012). City Induction: formulating, generating, and evaluating urban plans. In S. Müller Arisona, P. Wonka, G. Aschwanden, & J. Halatsch (Eds.), Digital Urban Modeling and Simulation. Communications in Computer and Information Science (CCIS) (Vol. 242). Springer Berlin Heidelberg"
Research Interests:
This paper presents a computational approach to provide dynamic assessment and optimization of principles derived from Transit Oriented Development (TOD)-an urban development model that advocates compact, walkable, and mixed-use... more
This paper presents a computational approach to provide dynamic assessment and optimization of principles derived from Transit Oriented Development (TOD)-an urban development model that advocates compact, walkable, and mixed-use neighborhoods, centered around transport stations. In spite of being increasingly promoted in several cities of the world, TOD lacks an approach that addresses multivariate data for optimization of its principles. In this paper, we propose a methodology backed by an algorithmic-parametric CAD environment, applied to a neighborhood unit in a case study. The objective is the analysis and improvement of TOD relevant and measurable features (transit accessibility, walkability and diversity) in order to optimize neighborhoods' features. The ultimate goal is to facilitate the management of solutions in TOD planning processes, supported by a principle-index-tool approach triad.
Research Interests:
The ultimate goal of the project in which the described research evolves is a computer-platform for assisting in the development of urban design proposals at the site planning scale including formulation, generation, and evaluation... more
The ultimate goal of the project in which the described research evolves is a computer-platform for assisting in the development of urban design proposals at the site planning scale including formulation, generation, and evaluation modules. The paper is concerned with the development of a common ontology that guarantees inter-operability among the three modules. After clarifying the theoretical framework, it describes the methodology used to develop the proposed Urban Design Ontology (UDO), as well as its lexicon, syntax, and semantics. It is argued that such ontology constitutes the bases for a City Information Model (CIM) that permits to elaborate consistent and comprehensive descriptions of urban spaces, thereby enabling the formulation of programs for urban interventions and the generation of corresponding design proposals.
Cite: Montenegro, N., & Duarte, J. P. (2009). Computational Ontology of Urban Design. In B. Colakoglu, & G. Cagdas (Ed.), Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe - eCAADe 2009, (pp. 253-260). Istanbul, Turkey.
Cite: Montenegro, N., & Duarte, J. P. (2009). Computational Ontology of Urban Design. In B. Colakoglu, & G. Cagdas (Ed.), Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe - eCAADe 2009, (pp. 253-260). Istanbul, Turkey.
Research Interests: Urban Geography, Computer Science, Ontology, Architecture, Sustainable Development, and 11 moreUrban Planning, Ontology (Computer Science), BIM (Architecture), Urban Studies, Urbanism, Semantic Web technology - Ontologies, Urban And Regional Planning, Building Information Modeling (BIM) (Architecture), Urban Design, City and Regional Planning, and BIM-technology
"This study is concerned with the formulation of solutions for urban problems. It departs from Alexander’s pattern language theory and urban design guidelines, to create a system for generating specifications or the ingredients of a plan,... more
"This study is concerned with the formulation of solutions for urban problems. It departs from Alexander’s pattern language theory and urban design guidelines, to create a system for generating specifications or the ingredients of a plan, given a scale, a site and a community. It takes into account strategies, regulations, guidelines, physical features of the site, and furthermore, the social, cultural and economic characteristics of the population. This system, sorted by a sequence of events, through stages, categories, methods and agents, describes taxonomic levels and their inner relations. Such an ontology provides a pattern encoding structure towards a computational model within the capabilities provided by the spatial data modeling of GIS (GIS-O). The urban formulation model is conceived to increase qualitative inputs, reducing ambiguities, through a flexible while automate process applied to urban planning.
Cite: Montenegro, N.; Duarte, J. P. (2008). Towards a Computational Description of Urban Patterns: an urban formulation ontology. In M. Muylle, & E. De Vos (Ed.), Proceedings of the 26th Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe - eCAADe 2008, (pp. 239-248). Antwerpen, Belgium. "
Cite: Montenegro, N.; Duarte, J. P. (2008). Towards a Computational Description of Urban Patterns: an urban formulation ontology. In M. Muylle, & E. De Vos (Ed.), Proceedings of the 26th Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe - eCAADe 2008, (pp. 239-248). Antwerpen, Belgium. "
Research Interests:
"We present 4CitySemantics, a computational tool for City Planning. The main objective of this tool is to assist the participants of the urban development process in constructing adequate interpretations of a defined intervention site and... more
"We present 4CitySemantics, a computational tool for City Planning. The main objective of this tool is to assist the participants of the urban development process in constructing adequate interpretations of a defined intervention site and its surrounding area (buffer), thereby contributing for better planning. The function of 4CitySemantics is to identify and classify both geographically and semantically the urban areas subjected to the intervention, which can be visualized. The key principle behind the tool is to offer the user as much flexibility as possible, so that s/he can develop customized semantic interpretations of the intervention areas in order to formulate an adequate intervention program. Such flexibility is achieved through the ample use of customizable ontologies for interpreting population and land use data, separating urban knowledge from the application tool, which can easily adapt to different urban semantic standards. By using the functionalities of the tool backed by the customizable ontologies, the urban planner can define a workflow to identify on a map a set of geo-referenced parcels belonging to the intervention areas and annotate them with semantic data regarding the use of the land. He can also annotate the intervention area with information regarding the type and size of its population. 4CitySemantics can also import data already semantically annotated, and that is ready for visualization.
Cite: Montenegro, N., Gomes, J., Urbano, P., & Duarte, J. P. (2011d). 4CitySemantics: GIS-Semantic Tool for Urban Intervention Areas. Proceedings of the 7th Virtual Cities and Territories Conference - 7VCT, (pp. 549-554). "
Cite: Montenegro, N., Gomes, J., Urbano, P., & Duarte, J. P. (2011d). 4CitySemantics: GIS-Semantic Tool for Urban Intervention Areas. Proceedings of the 7th Virtual Cities and Territories Conference - 7VCT, (pp. 549-554). "
Research Interests:
This paper describes the “Land Based Classification Standards” (LBCS) OWL2 ontology used as a basic structure for the “City Information Modelling” (CIM) model developed within a larger research project aimed at developing a tool for urban... more
This paper describes the “Land Based Classification Standards” (LBCS) OWL2 ontology used as a basic structure for the “City Information Modelling” (CIM) model developed within a larger research project aimed at developing a tool for urban planning and design. The main purpose is to provide semantic and computer-readable land use descriptions of geo-referenced spatial data, to make available programming strategies and design options to the participants of the urban development process. There are several advantages of transferring a Land use standard into a OWL2 land use ontology: it is modular, it can be shared and reused, it can be extended and data consistency can be checked, it is ready to be integrated, supporting the interoperability of different urban planning applications.
Research Interests:
"This paper describes the “Public Space Patterns” ontology including itsrelated rule-based model, used as a basic structure of a “City InformationModelling” (CIM). This model was developed within a larger research projectaimed at... more
"This paper describes the “Public Space Patterns” ontology including itsrelated rule-based model, used as a basic structure of a “City InformationModelling” (CIM). This model was developed within a larger research projectaimed at developing a tool for urban planning and design. The main purpose is toprovide computer-readable descriptions of Patterns for planning urban space, tomake available programming strategies and design options to the participants of the urban development process. The paper shows an ontology implementation of concepts describing the public space and the relationships established by meansof transitive properties which allows the system to infer new relations amongstother patterns. The inference mechanism makes available relations that were notpreviously evident fostering the awareness of underlying implicit patterns.
Cite: Montenegro, Nuno, Beirão, J.N. & Duarte, J.P., (2011c). Public Space Patterns: Towards a CIM standard for urban public space. In RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011. 29th eCAADe Conference. Ljubljana, pp. 79–86. "
Cite: Montenegro, Nuno, Beirão, J.N. & Duarte, J.P., (2011c). Public Space Patterns: Towards a CIM standard for urban public space. In RESPECTING FRAGILE PLACES [29th eCAADe Conference Proceedings / ISBN 978-9-4912070-1-3], University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Architecture (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011. 29th eCAADe Conference. Ljubljana, pp. 79–86. "
Research Interests:
"This paper describes the “Public Space Patterns” ontology including its related rule-based model, used as a basic structure of a “City Information Modelling” (CIM). This model was developed within a larger research project aimed at... more
"This paper describes the “Public Space Patterns” ontology including its related rule-based model, used as a basic structure of a “City Information Modelling” (CIM). This model was developed within a larger research project aimed at developing a tool for urban planning and design. The main purpose is to provide computer-readable descriptions of Patterns for planning urban space, to make available programming strategies and design options to the participants of the urban development process. The paper shows an ontology implementation of concepts describing the public space and the relationships established by means of transitive properties which allows the system to infer new relations amongst other patterns. The inference mechanism makes available relations that were not previously evident fostering the awareness of underlying implicit patterns.
Keywords. Urban Patterns; Ontology; Description Grammars; CIM.
Cite: Montenegro, N., Beirão, J. N., & Duarte, J. P. (2011). Public Space Patterns: Modeling the language of urban space. In G. Carrara, A. Fioravanti, & A. Trento (Ed.), Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Advances in Design Sciences and Technology , on Connecting Brains Shaping the World. Part V – Ontology, BIM and IFC Representations. Rome, Italy."
Keywords. Urban Patterns; Ontology; Description Grammars; CIM.
Cite: Montenegro, N., Beirão, J. N., & Duarte, J. P. (2011). Public Space Patterns: Modeling the language of urban space. In G. Carrara, A. Fioravanti, & A. Trento (Ed.), Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Advances in Design Sciences and Technology , on Connecting Brains Shaping the World. Part V – Ontology, BIM and IFC Representations. Rome, Italy."
Research Interests: Artificial Intelligence, Space and Place, Urban Planning, Urban Studies, Numerical Analysis, and 8 morePhenomenology of Space and Place, Computational Mathematics, Simulation, Dynamic Systems and Control, Information Technology and System Integration, Optimization Technology, System Modeling and Simulation, and Integration Technology of Automation Systems
"The design of urban plan involves a complex interpretation and management of morphological structures, existent and proposed, as well as several kinds of measurements of the urban environment – again, existent and proposed – from which... more
"The design of urban plan involves a complex interpretation and management of morphological structures, existent and proposed, as well as several kinds of measurements of the urban environment – again, existent and proposed – from which several urban indicators can be calculated and used for supporting design decision. Typically, design models are developed on different software than the ones used to perform analysis. For designing, urban designers use CAD (Computer Aided Design) platforms and for analysis they traditionally use Geographic Information Systems (GIS) or other topology based software. Therefore, linking GIS and CAD in a common design workflow seems crucial for improving the information supporting design decisions.
This paper presents the structure of an urban design platform connecting spatial data with a parametric design environment. The goal is to allow an interactive flow of information during the design decision process contributing for what can be regarded as a common design practice. Using the structure described in the paper designers can test trial designs in a context and analyze them in many different ways by: (1) using the GIS analytical functions; (2) calculating indicators that can be measured from the geometric structure; and (3) fine tuning designs by manipulating the design parameters to match goal parameters.
Keywords: Parametric urban design; density studies; decision support systems. "
This paper presents the structure of an urban design platform connecting spatial data with a parametric design environment. The goal is to allow an interactive flow of information during the design decision process contributing for what can be regarded as a common design practice. Using the structure described in the paper designers can test trial designs in a context and analyze them in many different ways by: (1) using the GIS analytical functions; (2) calculating indicators that can be measured from the geometric structure; and (3) fine tuning designs by manipulating the design parameters to match goal parameters.
Keywords: Parametric urban design; density studies; decision support systems. "
Research Interests:
The street system is an important component of the city ontology created for a generative urban design tool and should be able to integrate the many visions or interpretations that designers or other urban design agents may have about... more
The street system is an important component of the city ontology created for a generative urban design tool and should be able to integrate the many visions or interpretations that designers or other urban design agents may have about streets. This paper describes several characteristics of the street system, with its components organized into object classes which are the shape sets of algebras used by a generation module to generate street network representations that can be assessed by a GIS platform.
Research Interests:
This paper presents an assessment of a selection software tools for urban design confronting their capabilities with the goals of the CityInduction research project. The goal of this paper is the assessment of existing platforms for... more
This paper presents an assessment of a selection software tools for urban design confronting their capabilities with the goals of the CityInduction research project. The goal of this paper is the assessment of existing platforms for computer aided urban design to select one as the basis for implementing the urban design model proposed in the CityInduction project. This model includes three sub-models that support the formulation of design programs from contextual information, the exploration of designs solutions through a grammarbased generative approach, and the validation of designs against the program through the use of evaluation tools. To each of these sub-models corresponds a module in the envisioned platform and so, existing platforms are assessed in terms of their ability to support the implementation of each module. The current goal is a proof-of-concept implementation, but the final goal is the development of a complete platform for supporting urban design.
Research Interests:
We present 4CitySemantics, a software tool for city planning driven by semantic web ontologies. With this tool the participants of the urban development process may identify an urban intervention site and respective surrounding area and... more
We present 4CitySemantics, a software tool for city planning driven by semantic web ontologies. With this tool the participants of the urban development process may identify an urban intervention site and respective surrounding area and semantically annotate them with knowledge about the use of the land and the type and size of its population, following a customizable workflow. The key principle behind the tool lies in the use of semantic web ontologies for the representation of land use systems, planning process workflow and population data, offering the user as much flexibility as possible, so that s/he can reuse or develop any semantic web ontology describing the standards that s/he wants to use in order to formulate an adequate intervention program. Such flexibility is achieved through modular ontologies that provide a clear separation of urban knowledge from the application tool, which was specially designed to cope with different urban semantic standards.
Research Interests:
We present a software tool for urban planing, driven by se- mantic web ontologies. With this tool, the participants of the urban development process can semantically annotate an intervention site with knowledge about the use of the land.... more
We present a software tool for urban planing, driven by se- mantic web ontologies. With this tool, the participants of the urban development process can semantically annotate an intervention site with knowledge about the use of the land. The tool provides the user as much flexibility as possible in the choice of the land use standard that will be used to perform the classifications. This flexibility is achieved by defining extensible ontologies in which the concrete standards can be built upon. This allows our tool to load external ontologies that define the taxon- omy of the standard and the semantic relations between the land use categories. The loaded ontologies seamlessly integrate in the application, and are used through a friendly user interface. We also demonstrate how ontologies can be used to perform automatic categorizations and con- sistency checks in the geographical knowledge, aiding in the process of identifying the land uses of a site.
Research Interests:
"In sustainable urban development the first stage of the urban design process should consist of a pre-design phase where the context of the site is analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. In this paper we present a methodology for... more
"In sustainable urban development the first stage of the urban design process should consist of a pre-design phase where the context of the site is analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. In this paper we present a methodology for data mining an urban Geographic Information System (GIS) data set, consisting of three main phases: representation, analysis and description. The process reveals a series of block and street typologies at various levels of detail that highlight the different character of two neighbourhoods. This methodology is demanding in the preparation phase and requires a high level of GIS and statistics expertise in the analysis phase. However, it successfully addresses the complex multi-scale and multi-level nature of cities in a systematic way, providing a tool for systematic profiling of neighbourhoods, which is site and problem specific.
Cite (Please refer to the more recent publication in 'Urban Morphology'): Gil, J., Montenegro, N., Beirão, J. N., & Duarte, J. P. (2009). On the Discovery of Urban Typologies: Data Mining the Multi-dimensional Character of Neighbourhoods. In B. Colakoglu, & G. Cagdas (Ed.), Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe – eCAADe 2009, (pp. 269-278). Istanbul, Turkey."
Cite (Please refer to the more recent publication in 'Urban Morphology'): Gil, J., Montenegro, N., Beirão, J. N., & Duarte, J. P. (2009). On the Discovery of Urban Typologies: Data Mining the Multi-dimensional Character of Neighbourhoods. In B. Colakoglu, & G. Cagdas (Ed.), Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Education in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe – eCAADe 2009, (pp. 269-278). Istanbul, Turkey."
Research Interests:
Cite: Gil, J., Montenegro, N., Beirão, J. N., & Duarte, J. P. (2010). On the Discovery of Urban Typologies. In Bringing City Form Back Into Planning, Proceedings of the CITTA 3rd Annual Conference on Planning Research, pp. 163-176.... more
Cite: Gil, J., Montenegro, N., Beirão, J. N., & Duarte, J. P. (2010). On the Discovery of Urban Typologies. In Bringing City Form Back Into Planning, Proceedings of the CITTA 3rd Annual Conference on Planning Research, pp. 163-176. Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Research Interests:
Urban planning and design has a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and regions. It is a complex process that extends for a long period and involves many participants. The lack of integrated tools to support this... more
Urban planning and design has a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and regions. It is a complex process that extends for a long period and involves many participants. The lack of integrated tools to support this process hampers the ability to maximize the response of plans to contextual conditions while using the least resources. This paper describes research that aims to develop such a tool, integrating formulation, generation, and evaluation capabilities. It is focused on the generation module which relies on the encoding of Urban Induction Patterns (UIP) using shape grammars. A grammar for the extension plan of the city of Praia is presented as one of the case studies used to support UIP definition and illustrate its application. The paper also discusses how the proposed tool can be used for developing and monitoring urban plans.
Research Interests:
This thesis describes the development of a model for the formulation of urban programs that includes the creation of a methodology and an associated computational tool, named CityPlan. The content of the research focuses on the... more
This thesis describes the development of a model for the formulation of urban programs that includes the creation of a methodology and an associated computational tool, named CityPlan. The content of the research focuses on the development of a planning paradigm supported by computational ontologies, in the context of the “Web Ontology Language” (OWL) technology. Basically CityPlan consists of a “Geographic Information System” based on ontologies (GIS-O).
The main purpose for CityPlan is to help stakeholders in the processes of urban development, to enable the creation of urban intervention programs, benefiting from the advantages of the aforementioned model and technology. With CityPlan, it is possible to semantically annotate an intervention site with knowledge about the land use and the population, and then locate, automatically, a set of collective public facilities according to their specific location rules.
Having identified the main requirements of the plan, it is possible to establish a basic set of appropriate recommendations, to support the creation of spatial planning strategies and consistent urban design alternatives.
//// Cite: N., Montenegro (2015) CityPlan: Towards development of a methodology and computational tool to support urban design (portuguese). Doctoral Thesis. Faculty of Architecture of the University of Lisbon, Jul 20, 2015.
The main purpose for CityPlan is to help stakeholders in the processes of urban development, to enable the creation of urban intervention programs, benefiting from the advantages of the aforementioned model and technology. With CityPlan, it is possible to semantically annotate an intervention site with knowledge about the land use and the population, and then locate, automatically, a set of collective public facilities according to their specific location rules.
Having identified the main requirements of the plan, it is possible to establish a basic set of appropriate recommendations, to support the creation of spatial planning strategies and consistent urban design alternatives.
//// Cite: N., Montenegro (2015) CityPlan: Towards development of a methodology and computational tool to support urban design (portuguese). Doctoral Thesis. Faculty of Architecture of the University of Lisbon, Jul 20, 2015.
Research Interests:
This study is concerned with the formulation of solutions for urban problems. It departs from Alexander’s pattern language theory and from a series of urban design guidelines, to create a system for generating specifications or the... more
This study is concerned with the formulation of solutions for urban problems. It departs from Alexander’s pattern language theory and from a series of urban design guidelines, to create a
system for generating specifications or the ingredients of a plan, given a scale, a site and a community. It takes into account strategies, regulations, guidelines, physical features of the
site, and furthermore, the social, cultural and economic characteristics of the population. This system, organized according to a sequence of events, through stages, categories, methods and agents, describes taxonomic levels and their inner relations. Such ontology will provide, in future research, a pattern encoding structure towards a computational model within the capabilities provided by the spatial data modeling of GIS (Geographic Information System). The urban formulation model is conceived to increase qualitative inputs, reducing ambiguities, through a flexible while automated process applied to urban planning.
system for generating specifications or the ingredients of a plan, given a scale, a site and a community. It takes into account strategies, regulations, guidelines, physical features of the
site, and furthermore, the social, cultural and economic characteristics of the population. This system, organized according to a sequence of events, through stages, categories, methods and agents, describes taxonomic levels and their inner relations. Such ontology will provide, in future research, a pattern encoding structure towards a computational model within the capabilities provided by the spatial data modeling of GIS (Geographic Information System). The urban formulation model is conceived to increase qualitative inputs, reducing ambiguities, through a flexible while automated process applied to urban planning.
Research Interests: Architecture, Urban Planning, Ontology (Computer Science), Conceptual Metaphor, Terminology, and 13 moreUrban Studies, Design Patterns, Cognitive Linguistics, Urban Sociology, Semantic Web technology - Ontologies, Environmental Sustainability, Contrastive Analysis, Urban And Regional Planning, Land-use planning, Translation, Data and Knowledge Modeling, Urban Design, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
O objectivo do projecto é melhorar a qualidade habitacional das populações de rendimentos médios e baixos através do recurso a sistemas de projecto e construção industrializados apoiados pelas novas tecnologias e em soluções ecológicas. O... more
O objectivo do projecto é melhorar a qualidade habitacional das populações de rendimentos médios e baixos através do recurso a sistemas de projecto e construção industrializados apoiados pelas novas tecnologias e em soluções ecológicas. O projecto visa testar na prática resultados de investigação desenvolvida neste domínio, tornando acessíveis habitações personalizadas de qualidade elevada a populações sem capacidade financeira para contratar os serviços directos de um arquitecto. O projecto prevê o desenvolvimento de sistemas de projecto e construção adaptados à realidade mexicana e de um sistema informático para explorar soluções e gerar informação para a produção. O recurso combinado à produção e personalização em série permitirá o controlo de qualidade e eficiência no projecto e na construção. A personalização em série permitirá ainda prover ambientes urbanos mais diversos, evitando a monotonia habitual das urbanizações em larga escala.
Financiamento: FCT. Equipa: Portugal: José P. Duarte (coordenador), José Beirão, Nuno Montenegro, FAUTL; Mário Kruger, U. Coimbra; Jorge Gil, Space Syntax Ltd.; Brasil: Benamy Turkienicz (coordenador), Andrea Mussi, César Vieira, Rosirene Mayer, Fabiano Pinto, Jonas Jeske, Vanessa Dorneles, Fernanda Schreiner, Rodrigo Allgayer, Bárbara Gonçalves, UFRGS; Gabriela Celani, Daniel Moreira, Regiane Pupo, UNICAMP; Pablo Grazziotin, U. Notignham; Fernando Pereira, UFSC. Publicações (da equipa Portuguesa): Int. Jrnl. Art.: 2; Int. Book Chap.: 4; Int. Conf. Art.: 12; Nat. Conf. Art.: 2.
Financiamento: FCT. Equipa: Portugal: José P. Duarte (coordenador), José Beirão, Nuno Montenegro, FAUTL; Mário Kruger, U. Coimbra; Jorge Gil, Space Syntax Ltd.; Brasil: Benamy Turkienicz (coordenador), Andrea Mussi, César Vieira, Rosirene Mayer, Fabiano Pinto, Jonas Jeske, Vanessa Dorneles, Fernanda Schreiner, Rodrigo Allgayer, Bárbara Gonçalves, UFRGS; Gabriela Celani, Daniel Moreira, Regiane Pupo, UNICAMP; Pablo Grazziotin, U. Notignham; Fernando Pereira, UFSC. Publicações (da equipa Portuguesa): Int. Jrnl. Art.: 2; Int. Book Chap.: 4; Int. Conf. Art.: 12; Nat. Conf. Art.: 2.
Research Interests: Robotics, Spatial Analysis, Digital Fabrication, Urban Planning, Computer Aided Design, and 12 moreHousing, Transportation, Generative design, Additive Manufacturing, Adaptivity & Personalization, Urban Design, Brasil, Environmental Criminology, Landscape Planning, Parametric Design, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Fabbers
The objective measurement of urban form is a matter of rising interest but of little consensus and certain ambiguity. The attempts to understand and control the urban development through the indexation of the physical properties and the... more
The objective measurement of urban form is a matter of rising interest but of little consensus and certain ambiguity.
The attempts to understand and control the urban development through the indexation of the physical properties and the performance of urban form to measurable variables are as old as the history of urbanism as a science.
But the subject is a controversial issue and criticisms emerge about the accuracy of quantitative methods and commensurate parameters to support an understanding and assessment of the urban environment for anything but statistical purposes.
Despite the reservations, measuring-based approaches have gained in the last decades an overwhelming relevance for the urban science as a whole, and for urban design and planning regulation in particular.
Three main factors may explain this general tendency: (1) the rising of urbanization as an extensive phenomenon (with all the consequences and costs in terms of sustainable development and economic growth) and the need for instruments able to ascertain this “non-canonical” urban space; (2) the emergence of new governance processes and the challenge of achieving innovative tools to endorse participative policies and support the construction of platforms for agreement between actors and urban agents; (3) at last, the technological advent of computational and data systems such as GIS, remote sensing (RS), imaging and other computer based analytical methods, which offer measurement processes with an impressive agility and wider possibilities.
In this context, the objective of the seminar is to re-center the debate of measuring urban form on the contemporary issues of designing, planning and regulating the extensive city. The intention is to discuss the importance of combined qualitative-quantitative approaches on the generation of new insights on the contemporary urban environment and planning strategies.
A framework of four panels will support a multilevel platform for discussion:
Density & Urban Fabrics will center on the prominent role of density on urban form’s measuring methods and on the articulation between urban fabrics and density-related variables.
Topology & Networks will focus on topology based city analysis considering the structuring role of networks on contemporary urban space.
Governance & Regulation will address the subject of urban policies and the way measuring tools may give valuable contribution to regulation systems and governance processes.
Parametric Tools & Design will address the role of parametric and rule based design in the development of design support measuring methods and tools as a way of interweaving analysis, design exploration and evaluation in the urban design process.
The attempts to understand and control the urban development through the indexation of the physical properties and the performance of urban form to measurable variables are as old as the history of urbanism as a science.
But the subject is a controversial issue and criticisms emerge about the accuracy of quantitative methods and commensurate parameters to support an understanding and assessment of the urban environment for anything but statistical purposes.
Despite the reservations, measuring-based approaches have gained in the last decades an overwhelming relevance for the urban science as a whole, and for urban design and planning regulation in particular.
Three main factors may explain this general tendency: (1) the rising of urbanization as an extensive phenomenon (with all the consequences and costs in terms of sustainable development and economic growth) and the need for instruments able to ascertain this “non-canonical” urban space; (2) the emergence of new governance processes and the challenge of achieving innovative tools to endorse participative policies and support the construction of platforms for agreement between actors and urban agents; (3) at last, the technological advent of computational and data systems such as GIS, remote sensing (RS), imaging and other computer based analytical methods, which offer measurement processes with an impressive agility and wider possibilities.
In this context, the objective of the seminar is to re-center the debate of measuring urban form on the contemporary issues of designing, planning and regulating the extensive city. The intention is to discuss the importance of combined qualitative-quantitative approaches on the generation of new insights on the contemporary urban environment and planning strategies.
A framework of four panels will support a multilevel platform for discussion:
Density & Urban Fabrics will center on the prominent role of density on urban form’s measuring methods and on the articulation between urban fabrics and density-related variables.
Topology & Networks will focus on topology based city analysis considering the structuring role of networks on contemporary urban space.
Governance & Regulation will address the subject of urban policies and the way measuring tools may give valuable contribution to regulation systems and governance processes.
Parametric Tools & Design will address the role of parametric and rule based design in the development of design support measuring methods and tools as a way of interweaving analysis, design exploration and evaluation in the urban design process.
Research Interests:
Goals The workshop focuses on a new method for urban design which is based on the use of patterns and design rules. The aim of the method is to facilitate dialogue between the different participants in the design process and enable the... more
Goals
The workshop focuses on a new method for urban design which is based on the use of patterns and design rules. The aim of the method is to facilitate dialogue between the different participants in the design process and enable the development of flexible urban plans, capable of responding to changes in context throughout its implementation. During the workshop we will cover the theories underlying the proposed method and some tools to support urban design decision, specifically the use of parametric design tools to model urban design problems. The workshop will encompass a practical urban design task where participants will apply the learned method and tools.
Participants
The workshop is open to 20 to 40 participants: students, researchers and professionals in architecture and urbanism, including professionals from municipal planning and management.
Modules Description
City Induction project
José Pinto Duarte, FAUTL
In this module there will be an introduction to the City induction research project, its goals and its context within this workshop.
Pattern language theory and the development of urban programs
Nuno Montenegro
This module will describe the principles and foundations of the pattern language developed by Christopher Alexander (with S. Ishikawa and M. Silverstein), the mechanics of its application. The main component of this module will focus on the formulation of urban programmes, facilities location and public open space location, describing the methods used in these tasks.
Urban design with patterns and rules / parametric urban design
José Nuno Beirão, FAUTL
Flexibility is proposed as the main concept structuring urban design in response to the complex and unpredictable development of contemporary cities. In this module we present a method for urban design based on patterns and rules. Definition of supporting concepts: type, system, pattern and rules illustrating their applicability in urban design. The theory of shape grammars will be briefly presented as a means to support the design of urban systems. Focus on parametric representations and their role in the urban design process. There will be a brief discussion on the applicability of the algorithmic structure of the pattern language and design patterns. The presentation will end with a look on the role of urban indicators and density based indicators in the urban design process.
Parametric urban design
Pirouz Nourian, TU-Delft
Principles of parametric design and parametric design. Methodological principles and types of problems addressed in parametric design. Application to urban design. Construction of parametric models in Grasshopper. Data manipulation in parametric design and its application in urban design. Optimization models applied to urban design.
Urban design evaluation
Jorge Gil, TU-Delft
This module will present methods and tools for evaluating urban plans focusing on the use of evaluation models for project information during its execution.
Sintra municipality and site
Tiago Trigueiros, C.M. Sintra
This module will present the challenges currently faced by the city of Sintra with particular focus on the site. In this context the intervention site will be presented, as well as key programme objectives that should guide the intervention.
Clarification of doubts
Everybody
Participants will be divided into working teams of three participants making sure that each team may have a diversity of participants (students, teachers, professionals, civil servants, etc.). These teams will operate until the end of the workshop.
Work and support
Everybody
Design of alternative urban plans; production of parametric models associating density measures and layouts; evaluation of alternative solutions; preparation of presentations.
The workshop focuses on a new method for urban design which is based on the use of patterns and design rules. The aim of the method is to facilitate dialogue between the different participants in the design process and enable the development of flexible urban plans, capable of responding to changes in context throughout its implementation. During the workshop we will cover the theories underlying the proposed method and some tools to support urban design decision, specifically the use of parametric design tools to model urban design problems. The workshop will encompass a practical urban design task where participants will apply the learned method and tools.
Participants
The workshop is open to 20 to 40 participants: students, researchers and professionals in architecture and urbanism, including professionals from municipal planning and management.
Modules Description
City Induction project
José Pinto Duarte, FAUTL
In this module there will be an introduction to the City induction research project, its goals and its context within this workshop.
Pattern language theory and the development of urban programs
Nuno Montenegro
This module will describe the principles and foundations of the pattern language developed by Christopher Alexander (with S. Ishikawa and M. Silverstein), the mechanics of its application. The main component of this module will focus on the formulation of urban programmes, facilities location and public open space location, describing the methods used in these tasks.
Urban design with patterns and rules / parametric urban design
José Nuno Beirão, FAUTL
Flexibility is proposed as the main concept structuring urban design in response to the complex and unpredictable development of contemporary cities. In this module we present a method for urban design based on patterns and rules. Definition of supporting concepts: type, system, pattern and rules illustrating their applicability in urban design. The theory of shape grammars will be briefly presented as a means to support the design of urban systems. Focus on parametric representations and their role in the urban design process. There will be a brief discussion on the applicability of the algorithmic structure of the pattern language and design patterns. The presentation will end with a look on the role of urban indicators and density based indicators in the urban design process.
Parametric urban design
Pirouz Nourian, TU-Delft
Principles of parametric design and parametric design. Methodological principles and types of problems addressed in parametric design. Application to urban design. Construction of parametric models in Grasshopper. Data manipulation in parametric design and its application in urban design. Optimization models applied to urban design.
Urban design evaluation
Jorge Gil, TU-Delft
This module will present methods and tools for evaluating urban plans focusing on the use of evaluation models for project information during its execution.
Sintra municipality and site
Tiago Trigueiros, C.M. Sintra
This module will present the challenges currently faced by the city of Sintra with particular focus on the site. In this context the intervention site will be presented, as well as key programme objectives that should guide the intervention.
Clarification of doubts
Everybody
Participants will be divided into working teams of three participants making sure that each team may have a diversity of participants (students, teachers, professionals, civil servants, etc.). These teams will operate until the end of the workshop.
Work and support
Everybody
Design of alternative urban plans; production of parametric models associating density measures and layouts; evaluation of alternative solutions; preparation of presentations.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
4CITYPLAN: Towards an urban planning tool driven by OWL ontologies - PhD Project (FC – Dep. of Informatics) & UTL (Urbanism). The event took place on the 23 April 2012, the "International e-Planning Workshop 2012", Citizens, Cities and... more
4CITYPLAN: Towards an urban planning tool driven by OWL ontologies - PhD Project (FC – Dep. of Informatics) & UTL (Urbanism).
The event took place on the 23 April 2012, the "International e-Planning Workshop 2012", Citizens, Cities and Technology, 10h30 - 19h30, at Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa), with the participation of U. Paris - Institut Français d'Urbanisme, Unicamp (Brasil), MIT - Dept. Urban Studies and Planning (USA), U. Madrid, and several portuguese Universities (UA, UNL, UL, UTL), hosted by the Deans of ISCSP-UTL e FC-UL.
Citation: Montenegro, N. (2012). 4CITYPLAN: Towards an urban planning tool driven by OWL ontologies. International e-Planning Workshop 2012: Citizens, Cities and Technology. Lisbon, Portugal. Faculty of Sciences. University of Lisbon
The event took place on the 23 April 2012, the "International e-Planning Workshop 2012", Citizens, Cities and Technology, 10h30 - 19h30, at Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa), with the participation of U. Paris - Institut Français d'Urbanisme, Unicamp (Brasil), MIT - Dept. Urban Studies and Planning (USA), U. Madrid, and several portuguese Universities (UA, UNL, UL, UTL), hosted by the Deans of ISCSP-UTL e FC-UL.
Citation: Montenegro, N. (2012). 4CITYPLAN: Towards an urban planning tool driven by OWL ontologies. International e-Planning Workshop 2012: Citizens, Cities and Technology. Lisbon, Portugal. Faculty of Sciences. University of Lisbon
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A Formulação de Programas Urbanos
Painel III – O papel da política de solo na construção de uma comunidade sustentável e criativa: o projecto Cidade Induzida e o muncípio de Óbidos. Galeria Nova Ogiva, Óbidos, 27-28 de Janeiro de 2012.
Painel III – O papel da política de solo na construção de uma comunidade sustentável e criativa: o projecto Cidade Induzida e o muncípio de Óbidos. Galeria Nova Ogiva, Óbidos, 27-28 de Janeiro de 2012.
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Título: Uma Modelação para Planeamento Seminário Métodos formais e semi-formais em Arquitectura. ESAP, Porto. Citation: Montenegro, N. (2011). Uma Modelação para Planeamento. Seminário Métodos formais e semi-formais em Arquitectura.... more
Título: Uma Modelação para Planeamento
Seminário Métodos formais e semi-formais em Arquitectura. ESAP, Porto.
Citation: Montenegro, N. (2011). Uma Modelação para Planeamento. Seminário Métodos formais e semi-formais em Arquitectura. ESAP, Porto.
Seminário Métodos formais e semi-formais em Arquitectura. ESAP, Porto.
Citation: Montenegro, N. (2011). Uma Modelação para Planeamento. Seminário Métodos formais e semi-formais em Arquitectura. ESAP, Porto.
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External Examiner of José Luis Silva Master Dissertation: Flexible Architecture.
With Professors Sara Eloy and Gabriela Gonçalves.
With Professors Sara Eloy and Gabriela Gonçalves.
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External Examiner of Rui Diogo Neves Master Dissertation.
With Professors Sara Eloy and Gabriela Gonçalves.
With Professors Sara Eloy and Gabriela Gonçalves.
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Research Interests: Teaching and Learning, Design, Architecture, Learning and Teaching, Interior Design, and 14 moreArchitectural Education, Design Process (Architecture), Symbolism, Interior Design (Architecture), Architectural Theory, Architecture and Phenomenology, Arquitectura, Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Ensino, Famous Architects and Their Works, Nuno Montenegro, Nuno Montenegro Architect, Nuno Montenegro Arquitecto, and Nuno Montenegro Arquiteto
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Research Interests: Robotics, Architecture, Shape Grammar (Architecture), Digital Fabrication, Urban Planning, and 11 moreScientific Electronic Journal, Urban And Regional Planning, Generative design, Additive Manufacturing, Formal grammars, Urban Design, Generative Architectural Design, Computer Aided Architectural Design, Shape Grammars, Parametric Design, and Fabbers
This study is concerned with the formulation of solutions for urban problems. It departs from Alexander’s pattern language theory and from a series of urban design guidelines, to create a system for generating specifications or the... more
This study is concerned with the formulation of solutions for urban problems. It departs from Alexander’s pattern language theory and from a series of urban design guidelines, to create a system for generating specifications or the ingredients of a plan, given a scale, a site and a community. It takes into account strategies, regulations, guidelines, physical features of the site, and furthermore, the social, cultural and economic characteristics of the population. This system, organised according to a sequence of events, through stages, categories, methods and agents, describes taxonomic levels and their inner relations. Such ontology will provide, in future research, a pattern encoding structure towards a computational model within the capabilities provided by the spatial data modelling of GIS (Geographic Information System). The urban formulation model is conceived to increase qualitative inputs, reducing ambiguities, through a flexible while automated process applied to urban pl...
Research Interests: Architecture, Urban Planning, Ontology (Computer Science), Conceptual Metaphor, Terminology, and 13 moreUrban Studies, Design Patterns, Cognitive Linguistics, Urban Sociology, Semantic Web technology - Ontologies, Environmental Sustainability, Contrastive Analysis, Urban And Regional Planning, Translation, Data and Knowledge Modeling, Urban Design, Land Use Planning, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
The ultimate goal of the project in which the described research evolves is a computer-platform for assisting in the development of urban design proposals at the site planning scale including formulation, generation, and evaluation... more
The ultimate goal of the project in which the described research evolves is a computer-platform for assisting in the development of urban design proposals at the site planning scale including formulation, generation, and evaluation modules. The paper is concerned with the development of a common ontology that guarantees inter-operability among the three modules. After clarifying the theoretical framework, it describes the methodology used to develop the proposed Urban Design Ontology (UDO), as well as its lexicon, syntax, and semantics. It is argued that such ontology constitutes the bases for a City Information Model (CIM) that permits to elaborate consistent and comprehensive descriptions of urban spaces, thereby enabling the formulation of programs for urban interventions and the generation of corresponding design proposals.
Research Interests: Urban Geography, Computer Science, Ontology, Architecture, Sustainable Development, and 12 moreUrban Planning, Ontology (Computer Science), BIM (Architecture), Urban Studies, Urbanism, Semantic Web technology - Ontologies, Urban And Regional Planning, Interoperability, Urban Design, Bim, City and Regional Planning, and BIM Technology
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Urban planning and design has a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and regions. It is a complex process that extends for a long period and involves many participants. The lack of integrated tools to support this... more
Urban planning and design has a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and regions. It is a complex process that extends for a long period and involves many participants. The lack of integrated tools to support this process hampers the ability to maximize the response of plans to contextual conditions while using the least resources. This paper describes research that aims to develop such a tool, integrating formulation, generation, and evaluation capabilities. It is focused on the generation ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Ontology, Architecture, Data Mining, Computer Aided Design, Gentrification, and 15 moreNetworks, Housing, Landscape, Cities, City and Regional Planning, Land Use Planning, Environmental Criminology, Infrastructure, Landscape Planning, Architecture and Public Spaces, Nuno Montenegro, Nuno Montenegro Architect, Nuno Montenegro Arquitecto, Nuno Montenegro Arquiteto, and Neighbourhood Service
Street configurations may vary according to many factors, from cultural and social to topographic or functional factors. Some may not be found at all outside the cultural context. Many researchers have tried to define and classify such... more
Street configurations may vary according to many factors, from cultural and social to topographic or functional factors. Some may not be found at all outside the cultural context. Many researchers have tried to define and classify such characteristics but a universal consensus seems ...
Research Interests:
Urban planning and design has a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and regions. It is a complex process that extends for a long period and involves many participants. The lack of integrated tools to support this... more
Urban planning and design has a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and regions. It is a complex process that extends for a long period and involves many participants. The lack of integrated tools to support this process hampers the ability to maximize the response of plans to contextual conditions while using the least resources. This paper describes research that aims to develop such a tool, integrating formulation, generation, and evaluation capabilities. It is focused on the generation ...
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This paper presents a computational approach to provide dynamic assessment and optimization of principles derived from Transit Oriented Development (TOD)-an urban development model that advocates compact, walkable, and mixed-use... more
This paper presents a computational approach to provide dynamic assessment and optimization of principles derived from Transit Oriented Development (TOD)-an urban development model that advocates compact, walkable, and mixed-use neighborhoods, centered around transport stations. In spite of being increasingly promoted in several cities of the world, TOD lacks an approach that addresses multivariate data for optimization of its principles. In this paper, we propose a methodology backed by an algorithmic-parametric CAD environment, applied to a neighborhood unit in a case study. The objective is the analysis and improvement of TOD relevant and measurable features (transit accessibility, walkability and diversity) in order to optimize neighborhoods' features. The ultimate goal is to facilitate the management of solutions in TOD planning processes, supported by a principle-index-tool approach triad.
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We present 4 City Semantics, a software tool for city planning driven by semantic web ontologies. With this tool the participants of the urban development process may identify an urban intervention site and respective surrounding area and... more
We present 4 City Semantics, a software tool for city planning driven by semantic web ontologies. With this tool the participants of the urban development process may identify an urban intervention site and respective surrounding area and semantically annotate them with knowledge about the use of the land and the type and size of its population, following a customizable workflow. The key principle behind the tool lies in the use of semantic web ontologies for the representation of land use systems, planning process workflow and ...
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Assessing Computational Tools for Urban Design Towards a city information model Jorge Gil1, José Beirão 2, Nuno Montenegro 3, José Duarte4 1 ... However, the urban model needs expanding to incorporate a wider range of urban patterns and... more
Assessing Computational Tools for Urban Design Towards a city information model Jorge Gil1, José Beirão 2, Nuno Montenegro 3, José Duarte4 1 ... However, the urban model needs expanding to incorporate a wider range of urban patterns and it still needs analysis and evalua ...
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Abstract. We present a software tool for urban planing, driven by semantic web ontologies. With this tool, the participants of the urban development process can semantically annotate an intervention site with knowledge about the use of... more
Abstract. We present a software tool for urban planing, driven by semantic web ontologies. With this tool, the participants of the urban development process can semantically annotate an intervention site with knowledge about the use of the land. The tool provides the user as much flexibility as possible in the choice of the land use standard that will be used to perform the classifications. This flexibility is achieved by defining extensible ontologies in which the concrete standards can be built upon. This allows our tool to load external ontologies that ...
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ABSTRACT: The use of typomorphology as a means of understanding urban areas has a long tradition amongst academics but the reach of these methods into urban design practice has been limited. In this paper we present a method to support... more
ABSTRACT: The use of typomorphology as a means of understanding urban areas has a long tradition amongst academics but the reach of these methods into urban design practice has been limited. In this paper we present a method to support the description and prescription of urban form that is contextsensitive, multi-dimensional, systematic, exploratory, and quantitative, thus facilitating the application of urban typomorphology to planning practice. At the core of the proposed method is the k-means statistical clustering technique to produce objective classifications from the large complex data sets typical of urban environments. Block and street types were studied as a test case and a context-sensitive sample of types that correspond to two different neighbourhoods were identified. This method is suitable to support the identification, understanding and description of emerging urban forms that do not fall into standard classifications. The method can support larger urban form studies through consistent application of the procedures to different sites. The quantitative nature of its output lends itself to integration with other systematic procedures related to the research, analysis, planning and design of urban areas.
Research Interests: Urban Geography, Spatial Analysis, Architecture, Data Mining, Urban Planning, and 17 morePattern Recognition, Computer Aided Design, Urban Morphology, Urban Studies, Housing, Transportation, Environmental Planning, Urban And Regional Planning, Urban Design, Environmental Criminology, Landscape Planning, Typomorphology, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Sustainable City Design, Urban Built Form Patterns and Climate, Computer Modeling and City Form, and Traditional Sustainable City Forms
The design of urban plan involves a complex interpretation and management of morphological structures, existent and proposed, as well as several kinds of measurements of the urban environment – again, existent and proposed – from which... more
The design of urban plan involves a complex interpretation and management of morphological structures, existent and proposed, as well as several kinds of measurements of the urban environment – again, existent and proposed – from which several urban indicators can be calculated and used for supporting design decision. Typically, design models are developed on different software than the ones used to perform analysis. For designing, urban designers use CAD (Computer Aided Design) platforms and for analysis they traditionally use Geographic Information Systems (GIS) or other topology based software. Therefore, linking GIS and CAD in a common design workflow seems crucial for improving the information supporting design decisions.
This paper presents the structure of an urban design platform connecting spatial data with a parametric design environment. The goal is to allow an interactive flow of information during the design decision process contributing for what can be regarded as a common design practice. Using the structure described in the paper designers can test trial designs in a context and analyze them in many different ways by: (1) using the GIS analytical functions; (2) calculating indicators that can be measured from the geometric structure; and (3) fine tuning designs by manipulating the design parameters to match goal parameters.
Keywords: Parametric urban design; density studies; decision support systems.
This paper presents the structure of an urban design platform connecting spatial data with a parametric design environment. The goal is to allow an interactive flow of information during the design decision process contributing for what can be regarded as a common design practice. Using the structure described in the paper designers can test trial designs in a context and analyze them in many different ways by: (1) using the GIS analytical functions; (2) calculating indicators that can be measured from the geometric structure; and (3) fine tuning designs by manipulating the design parameters to match goal parameters.
Keywords: Parametric urban design; density studies; decision support systems.
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Research Interests: Urban Geography, Ontology, Spatial Analysis, Architecture, Data Mining, and 36 moreShape Grammar (Architecture), Space and Place, Urban History, Urban Planning, Pattern Recognition, Computer Aided Design, Gentrification, Urban Studies, Networks, Participation, Urbanism, Housing, Transportation, Urban Sociology, Semantic Web technology - Ontologies, Urban And Regional Planning, Landscape, Public Space, Cities, Urban Design, City and Regional Planning, Land Use Planning, Environmental Criminology, Infrastructure, Landscape Planning, Public spaces, Pattern languages, Architecture and Public Spaces, Nuno Montenegro, Nuno Montenegro Architect, Nuno Montenegro Arquitecto, Nuno Montenegro Arquiteto, Neighbourhood Service, Redevelopment of Open Spaces, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Water In the City
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This paper presents a shape grammar for planned urban spaces intending an implementation for generative urban design. This implementation will form part of an urban design support tool defined to formulate, generate and evaluate urban... more
This paper presents a shape grammar for planned urban spaces
intending an implementation for generative urban design. This implementation will form part of an urban design support tool defined to formulate, generate and evaluate urban designs. The goal is to formulate urban program descriptions according to context conditions using a description grammar and generate alternative design solutions using a shape grammar. The generation is guided by several evaluation processes performed by an evaluation module. In this paper we are focusing on the definition of the generic shape grammar using an existent urban plan as a case study. The aim is to encode the design moves of the urban designer into generic grammar rules amenable for specific instantiations through the customization of rule parameters.
intending an implementation for generative urban design. This implementation will form part of an urban design support tool defined to formulate, generate and evaluate urban designs. The goal is to formulate urban program descriptions according to context conditions using a description grammar and generate alternative design solutions using a shape grammar. The generation is guided by several evaluation processes performed by an evaluation module. In this paper we are focusing on the definition of the generic shape grammar using an existent urban plan as a case study. The aim is to encode the design moves of the urban designer into generic grammar rules amenable for specific instantiations through the customization of rule parameters.
Research Interests:
This paper presents an assessment of a selection software tools for urban design confronting their capabilities with the goals of the CityInduction research project. The goal of this paper is the assessment of existing platforms for... more
This paper presents an assessment of a selection software tools for urban design confronting their capabilities with the goals of the CityInduction research project. The goal of this paper is the assessment of existing platforms for computer aided urban design to select one as the basis for implementing the urban design model proposed in the CityInduction project. This model includes three sub-models that support the formulation of design programs from contextual information, the exploration of designs solutions through a grammarbased generative approach, and the validation of designs against the program through the use of evaluation tools. To each of these sub-models corresponds a module in the envisioned platform and so, existing platforms are assessed in terms of their ability to support the implementation of each module. The current goal is a proof-of-concept implementation, but the final goal is the development of a complete platform for supporting urban design.
Research Interests:
Información del artículo Centro Internacional de Convenciones de la Ciudad de Madrid: Concurso. Segundo Premio.
"When pursuing a more sustainable and integrative urban development, the first stage of the urban design process should consist of a pre-design phase where the context of the site is analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. This... more
"When pursuing a more sustainable and integrative urban development, the first stage of the urban design process should consist of a pre-design phase where the context of the site is analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. This information provides a base line for the contextualisation of the urban programme, of the design solutions and of the evaluation benchmarks proposed for the site.
Our research project aims to develop an urban design system using an urban ontology that can be applied to the formulation, generation and evaluation of urban plans. The purpose of this urban design system is: (1) formulation - to read data from the site context on a GIS platform and then generate adequate program descriptions, given the contextual conditions; (2) generation - to generate alternative design solutions that match the program, and (3) evaluation - to evaluate evolving design solutions against the program to obtain satisfactory results.
In this paper we present a methodology for data mining an urban Geographic Information System (GIS) data set, consisting of three main phases: representation, analysis and description. The process reveals a series of block and street typologies that highlight the different character of two neighbourhoods. This methodology is demanding in the preparation phase and requires a high level of GIS and statistics expertise in the analysis phase. However, it successfully addresses the complex multi-scale and multi- level nature of cities in a systematic way, providing a tool for systematic profiling of neighbourhoods, which is site and problem specific."
Our research project aims to develop an urban design system using an urban ontology that can be applied to the formulation, generation and evaluation of urban plans. The purpose of this urban design system is: (1) formulation - to read data from the site context on a GIS platform and then generate adequate program descriptions, given the contextual conditions; (2) generation - to generate alternative design solutions that match the program, and (3) evaluation - to evaluate evolving design solutions against the program to obtain satisfactory results.
In this paper we present a methodology for data mining an urban Geographic Information System (GIS) data set, consisting of three main phases: representation, analysis and description. The process reveals a series of block and street typologies that highlight the different character of two neighbourhoods. This methodology is demanding in the preparation phase and requires a high level of GIS and statistics expertise in the analysis phase. However, it successfully addresses the complex multi-scale and multi- level nature of cities in a systematic way, providing a tool for systematic profiling of neighbourhoods, which is site and problem specific."
Research Interests:
This paper presents an assessment of a selection software tools for urban design confronting their capabilities with the goals of the CityInduction research project. The goal of this paper is the assessment of existing platforms for... more
This paper presents an assessment of a selection software tools for urban design confronting their capabilities with the goals of the CityInduction research project. The goal of this paper is the assessment of existing platforms for computer aided urban design to select one as the basis for implementing the urban design model proposed in the CityInduction project. This model includes three sub-models that support the formulation of design programs from contextual information, the exploration of designs solutions through a grammar-based generative approach, and the validation of designs against the program through the use of evaluation tools. To each of these sub-models corresponds a module in the envisioned platform and so, existing platforms are assessed in terms of their ability to support the implementation of each module. The current goal is a proof-of-concept implementation, but the final goal is the development of a complete platform for supporting urban design.
Research Interests:
Urban planning and design have a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and on the quality of life of the population. Efficiency at this level is hampered by the lack of integrated instruments for formulating,... more
Urban planning and design have a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and on the quality of life of the population. Efficiency at this level is hampered by the lack of integrated instruments for formulating, generating, and evaluating urban plans. This chapter describes the theoretical foundations of a research project, called City Induction, aimed at the creation of a model for the development of such an instrument, departing from existing theories, which are integrated through a discursive grammar. The proposed model is composed of three sub-models: (1) a model for formulating urban programs from the analysis and interpretation of the context, based on Alexander’s pattern language; (2) a model for generating urban plans that match the program, based on Stiny’s shape and description grammars; and (3) a model for evaluating urban plans, that can be used for analyzing, comparing and ranking alternative solutions, departing from Hillier’s space syntax. A common urban space ontology guarantees the syntactic and semantic interoperability among the three sub-models. This ontology will be used to structure and codify information into a Geographic Information System (GIS), which will be the kernel for the computer implementation of the larger model. A CAD system is used to construct 3D models from contextual information stored in the GIS. In short, following Stiny and March’s design machines concept, the goal is to create an urban design machine that is able to produce flexible urban plans at the site planning level.
The use of typomorphology as a means of understanding urban areas has a long tradition amongst academics but the reach of these methods into urban design practice has been limited. In this paper we present a method to support the... more
The use of typomorphology as a means of understanding urban areas has a long tradition amongst academics but the reach of these methods into urban design practice has been limited. In this paper we present a method to support the description and prescription of urban form that is contextsensitive, multi-dimensional, systematic, exploratory, and quantitative, thus facilitating the application of urban typomorphology to planning practice. At the core of the proposed method is the k-means statistical clustering technique to produce objective classifications from the large complex data sets typical of urban environments. Block and street types were studied as a test case and a context-sensitive sample of types that correspond to two different neighbourhoods were identified. This method is suitable to support the identification, understanding and description of emerging urban forms that do not fall into standard classifications. The method can support larger urban form studies through consistent application of the procedures to different sites. The quantitative nature of its output lends itself to integration with other systematic procedures related to the research, analysis, planning and design of urban areas.
Research Interests:
Urban planning and design has a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and regions. It is a complex process that extends for a long period and involves many participants. The lack of integrated tools to support this... more
Urban planning and design has a considerable impact on the economic performance of cities and regions. It is a complex process that extends for a long period and involves many participants. The lack of integrated tools to support this process hampers the ability to maximize the response of plans to contextual conditions while using the least resources. This paper describes research that aims to develop such a tool, integrating formulation, generation, and evaluation capabilities. It is focused on the generation module which relies on the encoding of Urban Induction Patterns (UIP) using shape grammars. A grammar for the extension plan of the city of Praia is presented as one of the case studies used to support UIP definition and illustrate its application. The paper also discusses how the proposed tool can be used for developing and monitoring urban plans.
Sustainable urban development objectives and comprehensive planning practice require increasingly a knowledge-based approach to urban design, using multiple layers of information contextualised at multiple scales. There is an obvious need... more
Sustainable urban development objectives and comprehensive planning practice require increasingly a knowledge-based approach to urban design, using multiple layers of information contextualised at multiple scales. There is an obvious need for data to support such an approach and, in recent years, we have witnessed an explosion in the availability of big open data sets of the built and natural environments, and a steady improvement of the software tools to manipulate them.
However, we also witness in built environment education and practice a lack of awareness of such data and tools, and of the theoretical and technical skills to use them. The current design paradigm is strongly rooted in drafting and illustration methods eventually supported by information technologies of CAD, digital modelling and visualisation (Gil et al. 2010), which is evident in curricula, the design software features and job requirements.
Here, we present some results of the ‘City Induction’ research project that was aimed at prototyping the next generation of City Information Modelling (CIM) tools, integrating formulation, design, and evaluation methods into a comprehensive urban design support system (Duarte et al. 2012). We focus on aspects of data management, their application in prototype software tools and the lessons learned from a workshop with students and practitioners.
While big data sets are readily available, for them to be of use to urban design teams they must be managed properly due to their diversity and size. The backbone of a CIM system should be a spatial database platform implementing a data model designed specifically for urban design practice (Gil et al. 2011). Currently, there are no spatial data models offering an integrated set of relevant features, or the standards such as CityGML are strongly focused on data exchange and visualisation lacking features to support the design process itself.
We propose a data model that combines urban environment feature classes with design process feature classes and exemplify its implementation using data of the Randstad region in the Netherlands. This model can be useful in practice and education to provide guidance in data requirements, data management and use. We then demonstrate its application to urban design through prototype tools for Rhino and AutoCAD Map 3D that integrate with a PostGIS spatial database, and through the experience of using these methods in an urban design workshop with students and practitioners.
We conclude that there is currently a large gap in knowledge and skills to use these methods. But the response is very positive and proves to be an ‘eye opener’, with people facing a tough challenge of returning to ‘old’ methods. Thus, we identify some requirements for education and software development:
- Early contact of students with data collection and manipulation using digital tools;
- Integration of data management in design and teaching methods;
- Institute a specific role for data and map management in BE libraries;
- Develop support tools for data collection and pre-processing that comply with standards;
- Develop user-friendly tools to manage and analyse data;
- Ideally, integrate these platforms with design tools.
However, we also witness in built environment education and practice a lack of awareness of such data and tools, and of the theoretical and technical skills to use them. The current design paradigm is strongly rooted in drafting and illustration methods eventually supported by information technologies of CAD, digital modelling and visualisation (Gil et al. 2010), which is evident in curricula, the design software features and job requirements.
Here, we present some results of the ‘City Induction’ research project that was aimed at prototyping the next generation of City Information Modelling (CIM) tools, integrating formulation, design, and evaluation methods into a comprehensive urban design support system (Duarte et al. 2012). We focus on aspects of data management, their application in prototype software tools and the lessons learned from a workshop with students and practitioners.
While big data sets are readily available, for them to be of use to urban design teams they must be managed properly due to their diversity and size. The backbone of a CIM system should be a spatial database platform implementing a data model designed specifically for urban design practice (Gil et al. 2011). Currently, there are no spatial data models offering an integrated set of relevant features, or the standards such as CityGML are strongly focused on data exchange and visualisation lacking features to support the design process itself.
We propose a data model that combines urban environment feature classes with design process feature classes and exemplify its implementation using data of the Randstad region in the Netherlands. This model can be useful in practice and education to provide guidance in data requirements, data management and use. We then demonstrate its application to urban design through prototype tools for Rhino and AutoCAD Map 3D that integrate with a PostGIS spatial database, and through the experience of using these methods in an urban design workshop with students and practitioners.
We conclude that there is currently a large gap in knowledge and skills to use these methods. But the response is very positive and proves to be an ‘eye opener’, with people facing a tough challenge of returning to ‘old’ methods. Thus, we identify some requirements for education and software development:
- Early contact of students with data collection and manipulation using digital tools;
- Integration of data management in design and teaching methods;
- Institute a specific role for data and map management in BE libraries;
- Develop support tools for data collection and pre-processing that comply with standards;
- Develop user-friendly tools to manage and analyse data;
- Ideally, integrate these platforms with design tools.