- alconetar@hotmail.com
- Late Roman Archaeology, Pompeii (Archaeology), Roman Architecture and Urbanism, Pompeii and Herculaneum, Roman Urbanism, Roman Lusitania, and 26 moreAugusta Emerita, Lusitania (Archaeology), vias romanas; calzadas; caminos; via; Hispania; ingenieria romana; puente romano; presas romanas; acueductos romanos; acueducto romano; roman roads; roman bridges; roman engineering; roman dams; viae; pontes; aque; saeptum; portus; urbes; traianus, Roman Sewers, Roman Cloaca, Water Supply, Hydrology, Hydraulics, Water and Waste Water Engineering, Environmental Management, Classical Archaeology, Archaeology of the Ancient Black Sea Region, Public Health, Ancient History, Roman History, Roman Architecture, Waste Management, Food History, History of Public Health, Roman Archaeology, Late Antique Archaeology, Roman engineering, Archaeology of Roman Hispania, Funerary Archaeology, Late Antiquity, and Ancient Roman Hydraulicsedit
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This work examines the waste disposal systems used in the Roman city of Augusta Emerita, capital of Lusitania province, from its foundation to 7th century AD. The analysis is organized in three main points of research concerning the basic... more
This work examines the waste disposal systems used in the Roman city of Augusta Emerita, capital of Lusitania province, from its foundation to 7th century AD. The analysis is organized in three main points of research concerning the basic categories of waste to eliminate: liquids, physiological and solids. The first one is focused on the public sewer network and the water drainage mechanisms both in public and private places, while the second is dedicated to the study of latrines, analyzing aspects such as their location, architectonic design and hydraulic infrastructure. For the solid trash, it was investigated the process of its elimination in dumps, paying attention to three main issues: the location of the landfill sites in the urban context, the specific types of containers and the eliminated rubbish nature. The analysis of these aspects as a whole shows that there was a concern in moving garbage away from the urban center during the Roman period. Nevertheless, from 5th century AD onwards a considerable change occurs in the waste management strategies, fact that is reflected mainly on the gradual disuse of the sewer system, the abandonment of latrines and the spread of dumps inside the city. These transformations are the result of a new urban model developed from political, socioeconomic and ideological changes that make their mark on the material reality of the cities during Late Antiquity.
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Em época romana a cultura da água constituiu um elemento essencial do modo de vida urbano. De facto, o desenvolvimento da engenharia hidráu-lica permitiu a melhoria dos abastecimentos urbanos e a disponibilidade de água em abundância para... more
Em época romana a cultura da água constituiu um elemento essencial do modo de vida urbano. De facto, o desenvolvimento da engenharia hidráu-lica permitiu a melhoria dos abastecimentos urbanos e a disponibilidade de água em abundância para os mais diversos fins. Neste trabalho apresenta-se um panorama geral do ciclo da água nas cidades romanas do actual território português, assunto pouco investigado pela arqueologia lusa. A análise é arti-culada nas cinco etapas básicas que integram o ciclo urbano da água: capta-ção, condução, distribuição, utilização e escoamento, expondo para cada uma delas os casos mais representativos. Embora o conhecimento sobre este tema se afigure fragmentário na maior parte das cidades do Portugal romano, uma aproximação global mostra que neste território as inovações técnicas conhecidas na época foram amplamente utilizadas.
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Augusta Emerita, capital of the Lusitania Roman province, was one of the most important cities of Hispania. Archeologically, it is nowadays one of the best well known Roman sites in the Iberian Peninsula. The study of the sewage network... more
Augusta Emerita, capital of the Lusitania Roman province, was one of the most important cities of Hispania. Archeologically, it is nowadays one of the best well known Roman sites in the Iberian Peninsula.
The study of the sewage network is a subject traditionally undermined in terms of research, nonetheless it has made significant progress over the last few years. This work presents a summary of the latest developments on the urban sewage network of Augusta Emerita, particularly about the way it was designed and interconnected. In addition, it collects chronological data concerning its installation and process of deactivation.
The study of the sewage network is a subject traditionally undermined in terms of research, nonetheless it has made significant progress over the last few years. This work presents a summary of the latest developments on the urban sewage network of Augusta Emerita, particularly about the way it was designed and interconnected. In addition, it collects chronological data concerning its installation and process of deactivation.
Research Interests: Roman engineering, Roman Water Supply (Archaeology), Roman water management, Late Roman Archaeology, Archaeology of Roman Hispania, and 8 moreRoman Sewers, Roman Provincial Archaeology, Arqueología romana / Roman archeology, Augusta Emerita, Vías Romanas. Ingeniería y técnica constructiva, Ancient Roman Hydraulics, Roman aqueducts and water supply, and Roman Archaeology
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In the 3rd century AD, the Roman town began a transformation process with significant consequences in regards to the previous urban organization and construction dynamics. This paper addresses an issue that, among several changes that... more
In the 3rd century AD, the Roman town began a transformation process with significant consequences in
regards to the previous urban organization and construction dynamics.
This paper addresses an issue that, among several changes that occurred in the Late Antique town, has been
largely overlooked: the mutation of the city sewerage network from the 3rd to the 6th centuries AD. As in this
period the ancient sewerage systems were no longer properly maintained as they used to be, certain methods
were employed to keep them operational, such as the reuse of some previously abandoned sewers or its
rebuilding by using mixed construction techniques or salvaged construction materials.
By focusing on some examples from Hispania we intend to outline the last maintenance processes and the final
abandon of the urban sewerage systems in the towns of that particular Roman Province
regards to the previous urban organization and construction dynamics.
This paper addresses an issue that, among several changes that occurred in the Late Antique town, has been
largely overlooked: the mutation of the city sewerage network from the 3rd to the 6th centuries AD. As in this
period the ancient sewerage systems were no longer properly maintained as they used to be, certain methods
were employed to keep them operational, such as the reuse of some previously abandoned sewers or its
rebuilding by using mixed construction techniques or salvaged construction materials.
By focusing on some examples from Hispania we intend to outline the last maintenance processes and the final
abandon of the urban sewerage systems in the towns of that particular Roman Province
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In this paper we describe different Heritage Documentation Techniques in order to show some results applied to the Word Heritage Site of Mérida (Spain). Our main goals are the search of a valid method of documentation through the study of... more
In this paper we describe different Heritage Documentation Techniques in order to show some results applied
to the Word Heritage Site of Mérida (Spain). Our main goals are the search of a valid method of documentation
through the study of different practical cases. Furthermore, the specifications and main characteristics of the
methods currently available are presented. We can conclude that there is not a suitable technique for all the
cases, but that it is necessary to combine several to achieve optimal results.
to the Word Heritage Site of Mérida (Spain). Our main goals are the search of a valid method of documentation
through the study of different practical cases. Furthermore, the specifications and main characteristics of the
methods currently available are presented. We can conclude that there is not a suitable technique for all the
cases, but that it is necessary to combine several to achieve optimal results.
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Research Interests: Toponomastica, vias romanas; calzadas; caminos; via; Hispania; ingenieria romana; puente romano; presas romanas; acueductos romanos; acueducto romano; roman roads; roman bridges; roman engineering; roman dams; viae; pontes; aque; saeptum; portus; urbes; traianus, Infraestructura viaria romana, Vía de la Plata, and Toponimia
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Research Interests: Late Antique Archaeology, Late Antiquity, Roman Pottery, Solid Waste Management, Archaeology of Roman Hispania, and 8 moreSolid waste management and treatment, Roman Architecture, Arqueología romana / Roman archeology, Roman Lusitania, Roman cities of Baetica (Hispania), Reuse of Materials, Hispania romana, and Reciclaje
Although water is the element that gives meaning to thermal architecture, its management is still a poorly analysed aspect in the literature on Roman baths. Based on the published documentation, this paper presents a general overview of... more
Although water is the element that gives meaning to thermal architecture, its management is still a poorly analysed aspect in the literature on Roman baths. Based on the published documentation, this paper presents a general overview of the use of water in the public baths of Hispania, according to four basic stages: supply, storage/distribution, utilisation and evacuation. For each of them, the most representative cases are analysed. This approach shows a rational use of water, despite being a variable dependent on the available flow and degree of luxury intended for each building.
Research Interests: Roman engineering, Roman Water Supply (Archaeology), Roman Baths (Archaeology), Archaeology of Roman Hispania, Hispania, and 7 moreRoman Architecture and Urbanism, Arqueología romana / Roman archeology, Roman Lusitania, Roman cities of Baetica (Hispania), Hispania romana, Roman aqueducts and water supply, and Roman Archaeology
En la intervención arqueológica número 5036 del área funeraria romana situada en la zona sur/Los Bodegones de la ciudad de Mérida (España) fueron excavados 50 enterramientos, de inhumación y de cremación, datados en los siglos I-IV d.C. y... more
En la intervención arqueológica número 5036 del área funeraria romana situada en la zona sur/Los Bodegones de la ciudad de Mérida (España) fueron excavados 50 enterramientos, de inhumación y de cremación, datados en los siglos I-IV d.C. y localizados junto a una vía de acceso a la colonia de Augusta Emerita, capital de la provincia de Lusitania. Una de las inhumaciones, en decúbito dorsal, datada en el siglo II d.C., corresponde a un adulto de posible Ancestralidad africana, masculino (5036/A31/U.E.334), bien preservado, con una edad de muerte estimada entre los 30-40 años, presentando marcas de actividad física intensa y alteraciones patológicas.
Del análisis macroscópico y radiológico destacan la ausencia de caries en los 31 dientes in situ (tercer molar izquierdo perdido ante mortem), hipoplasias del esmalte en 14 dientes, cóndilos mandibulares con osteocondritis disecante, fusión posterior de las vértebras T4-T5, nódulos de Schmorl en, por lo menos, 9 vértebras torácicas y lumbares, y no fusión de la crista sacralis de la primera vértebra. También se observan fracturas bien remodeladas en huesos del pie izquierdo, lesión en el os trigonum y alteraciones degenerativas articulares, más intensas en el miembro inferior derecho. Las clavículas y los húmeros son bastante robustos, concretamente en las áreas de inserción de entesis. Asimismo, en la superficie endocraneal de la pars basilares ossis occipitalis, existe crecimiento óseo cuyo origen no ha sido posible concretar.
El análisis conjunto del perfil biológico y de las alteraciones señaladas será discutida a la luz de la estratificación social coetánea revelada por las fuentes documentales y arqueológicas.
Del análisis macroscópico y radiológico destacan la ausencia de caries en los 31 dientes in situ (tercer molar izquierdo perdido ante mortem), hipoplasias del esmalte en 14 dientes, cóndilos mandibulares con osteocondritis disecante, fusión posterior de las vértebras T4-T5, nódulos de Schmorl en, por lo menos, 9 vértebras torácicas y lumbares, y no fusión de la crista sacralis de la primera vértebra. También se observan fracturas bien remodeladas en huesos del pie izquierdo, lesión en el os trigonum y alteraciones degenerativas articulares, más intensas en el miembro inferior derecho. Las clavículas y los húmeros son bastante robustos, concretamente en las áreas de inserción de entesis. Asimismo, en la superficie endocraneal de la pars basilares ossis occipitalis, existe crecimiento óseo cuyo origen no ha sido posible concretar.
El análisis conjunto del perfil biológico y de las alteraciones señaladas será discutida a la luz de la estratificación social coetánea revelada por las fuentes documentales y arqueológicas.
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RUIZ BUENO, M.D; ACERO PÉREZ, J; ROMANÍ SALA, N (2020): “Transformaciones en el callejero de Augusta Emerita, Colonia Patricia y Tarraco en la Antigüedad Tardía: breve estudio comparativo”, en P. MATEOS y C.J. MORÁN (eds.) Exeplum et Spolia. La reutilización arquitectónica en [...], Mérida, 369-380more
Entre las transformaciones que definen la evolución de la urbe clásica a la ciudad tardoantigua se encuentra la desarticulación del callejero ortogonal típicamente romano. En el presente estudio pretendemos ofrecer una visión sucinta de... more
Entre las transformaciones que definen la evolución de la urbe clásica a la ciudad tardoantigua se encuentra la desarticulación del callejero ortogonal típicamente romano. En el presente estudio pretendemos ofrecer una visión sucinta de los cambios que afectaron a la trama urbana de las tres capitales provinciales de la Hispania altoimperial, abarcando en este análisis un amplio marco temporal que va desde el siglo I al VI d.C., aunque haciendo hincapié en la Antigüedad Tardía. Fenómenos como la ocupación de pórticos y calzadas, la desaparición de las pavimentaciones pétreas bajo nuevos pisos de tierra, la inutilización progresiva de la red de cloacas y el empleo de spolia, marcan una transformación común, aunque variable, que afectará en tiempos y modos diferentes al callejero de estas tres ciudades./////////Among the transformations that define the evolution of the classical city to the late-antique town, it can be highlighted the abandonment of the typically Roman grid plan. The aim of this work is to provide a concise vision of the changes in the urban fabric of the three provincial capitals of Hispania in the Early Roman period. Despite the broad timeframe studied, from the 1st to the 6th centuries A. D., we paid special attention to the Late Antiquity. Several phenomena such as the occupation of porticoes and roads, the replacement of stone pavements with earthen ones, the slow but progressive neglect of the sewerage system and the use of spolia, mark a common, but variable, transformation process which affected in different ways and times the street plan of these three cities.